ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2025
Modified ZhuJing pill protects retinal pigment epithelium against oxidative stress-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition through Nrf2-mediated Akt/GSK3β pathway.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tetramethylpyrazine modulates the Nrf2/JNK axis to intervene in ferroptosis and neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury: an integrated perspective from antioxidant to regenerative therapy.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- ZhuJing Pill retards lens-induced myopia progression by improving ciliary muscle mitochondrial function via KEAP1/NRF2-TGF-β axis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Curcumin protects the diabetic mouse retina by modulating the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Modified Zhujing pill regulates RPE cholesterol metabolism and gut microbiota in an age-related macular degeneration mouse model.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: The modified ZhuJing pill (mZJP) has been widely used in China as a classical prescription for treating retinal diseases for years. Our preliminary experiment showed that mZJP exerted an antioxidant effect in treating dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Nevertheless, the specific mechanism underpinning the impact of mZJP on dry AMD remains obscure. Methods: The chemical metabolites of mZJP were qualitatively analyzed using LC-Q-TOF-MS. Dry AMD model mice were used to assess the efficacy of mZJP through optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and immunofluorescence. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in OxLDL-induced ARPE-19 cells was evaluated by monitoring cellular integrity and quantifying EMT-related markers. Cell migration capacity was determined Results: A total of 113 major metabolites were identified in mZJP. Our findings revealed that mZJP alleviated retinal pathological alterations and inhibited EMT progression. Furthermore, mZJP upregulated Nrf2 and HO-1 expression levels while downregulating Akt and GSK-3β phosphorylation levels. Notably, the EMT-suppressing effect of mZJP was significantly attenuated upon Nrf2 silencing, as evidenced by enhanced cell migration, decreased epithelial marker expression (E-cadherin), increased mesenchymal marker expression (vimentin and α-SMA), suppression of the Nrf2 pathway, and activation of the Akt/GSK3β pathway. Conclusion: Our study suggested that RPE protection by mZJP against oxidative stress induced EMT through Nrf2 activation and inhibition of the Akt/GSK3β pathway. MZJP could be a potential candidate drug for the treatment of dry AMD.
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