Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40519454›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Immunoglobulin M Nephropathy: A Diagnostic Dilemma Between Minimal Change Disease and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.

Gautam Agrawal, Bhawna Agarwal, Kunal Sonavane, Pallavi Shirsat

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Gautam AgrawalNephrology, Independence Health System, Greensburg, USA.
Bhawna AgarwalInternal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, McKeesport Hospital, McKeesport, USA.
Kunal SonavaneInternal Medicine, Willis-Knighton Medical Center, Bossier City, USA.
Pallavi ShirsatNephrology, Minden Medical Center, Minden, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immunoglobulin M nephropathy (IgMN) is an idiopathic glomerulonephritis characterized by diffuse IgM deposits in the mesangium and mesangial hypercellularity. It has been a controversial diagnosis since it was initially described, as IgMN shares features with both minimal change disease (MCD) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). However, studies have shown that IgMN is a distinct clinicopathological diagnosis comprising patients with predominant mesangial IgM deposits and who do not meet established criteria for MCD and FSGS. We present a case of a 24-year-old male presenting with hypertension and proteinuria, with kidney biopsy showing concern for IgMN. These patients carry a significant risk of developing nephrotic syndrome, renal insufficiency, and progression to end-stage renal failure. This underscores the importance of timely diagnosis of IgMN and therapeutic intervention to prevent kidney function decline. Management options include corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors, with some evidence on the use of rituximab for refractory cases. There is a need for further research on IgMN to establish standardized treatment protocols and long-term outcomes for patients with IgMN.

Indexed as

chronic kidney diseasesfocal segmental glomerulosclerosishypertensionigm nephropathyminimal change diseasesecondary hypertensionsubnephrotic proteinuria

Identifiers

PMID40519454
PMCPMC12166530

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.