Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40519364›Full record

ArticleBioactive materials2025

Wet-adhesive and antibacterial PAH-TPP coacervates with self-mineralizing capability for cranial flap fixation.

Weicheng Chen, Jiaxu Shi, Dachuan Liu, Kai Lu, Jianlong Fu, Jingxi Xu, Huan Wang, Zhiliang Guo, Li Dong, Di Li and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Bioactive materials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Weicheng ChenMedical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, PR China.
Jiaxu ShiMedical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, PR China.
Dachuan LiuMedical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, PR China.
Kai LuMedical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, PR China.
Jianlong FuSchool of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China.
Jingxi XuMedical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, PR China.
Huan WangMedical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, PR China.
Zhiliang GuoMedical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, PR China.
Li DongMedical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, PR China.
Di LiMedical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, PR China.
Xin LiMedical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, PR China.
Miodrag J LukicLaboratory of Physics, "Vinca" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, Vinca, Belgrade 11351, Serbia.
Wei XiaApplied Materials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75105, Sweden.
Song ChenMedical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, PR China.
Bin LiMedical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, PR China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Repositioning and securing the cranial bone flap after craniotomy remain significant challenges in neurosurgery. Traditional fixation methods often suffer from weak mechanical strength, bioinertness, limited osteogenic capacity, and a lack of antibacterial properties, complicating clinical outcomes. Recent medical adhesives offer superior fixation but face significant limitations in cranial bone applications. In this study, we explored the application of PAH (Poly (allylamine) hydrochloride)-TPP (Tripolyphosphate) coacervate (PT) as a bone adhesive. The PT coacervate demonstrated excellent anti-swelling (anti-swelling ratio less than 1 %), self-healing, and injectable properties, as well as exceptional shape adaptability and cytocompatibility. Adhesion tests revealed its outstanding adhesion (99.06 ± 11.76 kPa for lap shear and 121.42 ± 16.73 kPa for end to end), long-term durability, and tunable adhesion strength. Furthermore, the coacervate demonstrated broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (antibacterial rate more than 90 %), with mechanistic studies revealing promising strategies to address localized and systemic drug-resistant infections. Additionally, the coacervate's self-mineralizing properties significantly enhanced its osteogenic performance. In vivo studies confirmed its effective fixation, robust antibacterial activity, and improved osteogenesis, underscoring its suitability for cranial bone flap repositioning and fixation after craniotomy. In summary, this coacervate adhesive offers a promising therapeutic solution for addressing the challenges of cranial flap fixation in neurosurgery.

Indexed as

Antibacterial propertyCoacervateCranial flap fixationSelf-mineralizingWet-adhesive

Identifiers

PMID40519364
PMCPMC12166753

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.