ArticleNature water2024
Trends and disparities in concurrent tap water avoidance and household food insecurity among US children.
Article in Nature water, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dual Burden of Food and Water Insecurity Among SNAP Households with Children in the Southern United States.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Water is K'é: A multi-level intervention to promote healthy beverage choices among Navajo families: Trial rationale and study protocol.Nutrition and health · 2026Article
- Poor Water Quality and Food Insecurity in Ecuador: Disparities in Exposure and Associations With Young Child Feeding Practices.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2026Article
- The Intersection of Tap Water Avoidance, Food Insecurity, and Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake Among U.S. Children and Adolescents Aged 2-17 Years.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Interacting Water Insecurity and Food Insecurity: Recent Advances in Theory and Application.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Water insecurity (WI) is an underappreciated issue in the US. WI co-occurs with food insecurity (FI), but little work has explored the Water-Food nexus experienced by children. Drawing on individual tap water avoidance, a proxy of WI, and prior-year household food security data from 2-17 year-olds in the National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES) (n=18,252), we describe nationally-representative trends and racial/ethnic disparities in WI and FI. Between 2005-2020, this WI proxy was associated with higher probability of FI with heterogeneity by race/ethnicity and income, and concurrent WI and FI more than doubled from 4.6% (95% CI, 3.0-6.1) to 10.3% (8.4-12.1; P<0.001). Compared to White children, children identifying as Black and Hispanic had 3.5 (2.6-4.7; P<0.001) and 7.1 (5.4-9.3; P<0.001) times the relative-risk ratios of experiencing concurrent WI and FI. The increasing prevalence of US children experiencing concurrent WI and FI alongside observed racial/ethnic disparities is of major public health concern.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.