Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40518854›Full record

ReviewThe British journal of nutrition2025

The effectiveness of mandatory

Mathilde Gressier, Gary Frost, Zoe Hill, Danying Li, Jack Olney, Elisa Pineda, Victoria Targett, Michelle Young, Franco Sassi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The British journal of nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mathilde Gressier *Section for Nutrition Research, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Gary FrostSection for Nutrition Research, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0529-6325
Zoe Hill *Office for Health Improvement & Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, London, UK.
Danying Li *Centre for Health Economics & Policy Innovation, Department of Economics & Public Policy, Imperial College Business School, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Jack OlneyCentre for Health Economics & Policy Innovation, Department of Economics & Public Policy, Imperial College Business School, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Elisa PinedaCentre for Health Economics & Policy Innovation, Department of Economics & Public Policy, Imperial College Business School, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Victoria TargettOffice for Health Improvement & Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, London, UK.
Michelle Young *Office for Health Improvement & Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, London, UK.
Franco SassiCentre for Health Economics & Policy Innovation, Department of Economics & Public Policy, Imperial College Business School, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9773-2117

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

While reformulation policies are commonly used to incentivise manufacturers to improve the nutrient profile of the foods and beverages they produce, only a few countries have implemented mandatory reformulation policies. This paper aimed to review evidence on the design, implementation challenges and effectiveness of mandatory reformulation policies and compare them to voluntary reformulation policies. The systematic search retrieved seventy-one studies including twelve on mandatory reformulation policies. Most mandatory reformulation policies were aimed at reducing

Indexed as

Mandatory ProgramsNutrition PolicyDietHumansNutritive ValueSodium, DietaryTrans Fatty AcidsSodium, DietaryTrans Fatty AcidsEvidence reviewFood policiesFood reformulation

Identifiers

PMID40518854
PMCPMC12169955

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.