ArticleJournal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry2025
Multiple sclerosis from onset to secondary progression: a 30-year Italian register study.
Article in Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Selected Cytokines and Matrix Metalloproteinases in Pathogenesis and Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Predictors of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis in a real word retrospective cohort: the role of clinical factors and disease-modifying therapy patterns.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2026Article
- A CSF disease-associated macrophage signature defines progressive multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Cognition in multiple sclerosis within the modern diagnostic and treatment era.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Positioning siponimod and the post-treatment gap: the unmet needs of SPMS patients in Italian real-world practice.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Article
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Abstract
backgroundThree decades have passed since the initial approval of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). Ongoing discussion is focused on fundamental aspects of the disease, highlighting a growing division between successes in managing relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) and the persistent challenges posed by disease progression.
methodsA cohort study on prospectively acquired data from the Italian MS register. The primary outcome was to describe the MS disease course from onset to secondary progression (SP) defined according to a data-driven algorithm over 30 years follow-up and according to five different eras of disease onset.
resultsA total cohort of 9958 patients was analysed; 1364 converted to SP after a mean of 8.5 (SD 5.5) years. A higher rate of patients converting to SP had never been exposed to DMTs (135, 9.9% vs 424, 5.2%) than non-converting ones. The treatment coverage was also lower in patients converting to SP than non-converting ones 58.4 (SD 31.5) vs 73.6 (SD 27.6).The SP incidence rate was 1.26 (95% CI 1.19 to 1.32) overall. The rates showed a downward trend among the different eras: from 1st era 1.98 (95% CI 1.73 to 2.27) to 5th era 1.15 (95% CI 0.97 to 1.35).In the multivariable Cox model, 10% increase of treatment coverage was associated to 19% lower risk to convert to SP (10%, HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.87 to 0.90).
conclusionsThis 30-year analysis suggests that SP conversion rates have decreased over time, partially explained by improvements in therapeutic coverage. Future research should adopt a multifaceted approach to develop more comprehensive models of disease progression.
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