Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40517168›Full record

ArticleNPJ science of food2025

Network pharmacology and UPLC/MS/MS metabolic profiling unveil the anti-inflammatory potential of Trifolium alexandrinum.

Rahma Sr Mahrous, Hoda Fathy, Doaa A Ghareeb, Ali S Abdel-Hamid, Reham S Ibrahim

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ science of food, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Rahma Sr MahrousDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria university, Alexandria, Egypt.
Hoda FathyDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria university, Alexandria, Egypt.
Doaa A GhareebBio-Screening and Preclinical Trials Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Ali S Abdel-HamidCenter of Excellence for Drug Preclinical Studies (CE-DPS), Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industry Development Center, City of Scientific Research & Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.
Reham S IbrahimDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria university, Alexandria, Egypt. Rehamsaid84@yahoo.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Trifolium alexandrinum, commonly known as berseem clover, has long been used in traditional medicine for its diverse therapeutic properties. In this study, we explore the anti-inflammatory potential of T. alexandrinum through an integrated approach combining network pharmacology and LC-MS/MS metabolic profiling. The ethanolic extract of T. alexandrinum was fractionated and analyzed, revealing a rich profile of phytoconstituents, including flavonoids, isoflavonoids, triterpenoid glycosides, and purine nucleosides. Network pharmacology analysis identified key bioactive compounds, such as tryptophan and adenosine, which exhibited strong interactions with inflammation-related genes, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and INF-γ, as demonstrated from the "compound-target-pathway" constructed network. The arachidonic acid metabolism pathway, which plays a pivotal role in inflammation, was the top-listed pathway in the network. For the sake of confirmation, tryptophan and adenosine were isolated from the butanol fraction, and their structures were elucidated using

Identifiers

PMID40517168
PMCPMC12167384

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.