Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40512619›Full record

ArticleCell reports2025

Decoding gene networks controlling hypothalamic and prethalamic neuron development.

Dong Won Kim, Leighton H Duncan, Zheng Xu, Minzi Chang, Sara Sejer, Chantelle E Terrillion, Patrick O Kanold, Elsie Place, Seth Blackshaw

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Dong Won KimDanish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. Electronic address: tkim@dandrite.au.dk.
Leighton H DuncanSolomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Zheng XuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Minzi ChangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Sara SejerDanish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Chantelle E TerrillionDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Patrick O KanoldSolomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Elsie PlaceSchool of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
Seth BlackshawSolomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address: sblack@jhmi.edu.

Funding

NEURONAL CIRCUITS AND PLASTICITY OF NEONATAL AUDITORY CORTEXR01DC009607 · NIDCD · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI PATRICK O KANOLD · 2009 to 2026
$7.8M
Development and function of hypothalamic Lhx6-positive neuronsR01MH126676 · NIMH · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI BLACKSHAW, SETH · 2021 to 2025
$2.0M
Intrinsic and Extrinsic factors regulating neurogenic competence in hypothalamic tanycytesF99NS135816 · NINDS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI DUNCAN, LEIGHTON HOSEA · 2023 to 2024
$99k
Investigating molecular mechanisms and function of tanycyte-derived neurogenesis in the postnatal hypothalamusF31DK132944 · NIDDK · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI DUNCAN, LEIGHTON HOSEA · 2022 to 2023
$70k
NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC009607NIDDK NIH HHS F31 DK132944NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH126676NINDS NIH HHS F99 NS135816
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The hypothalamus and prethalamus regulate diverse physiological and behavioral processes, yet the gene regulatory networks guiding their development remain poorly defined. Using single-cell RNA and ATAC sequencing, we profile over 660,000 cells in the developing mouse hypothalamus and prethalamus between embryonic day 11 and postnatal day 8. This resource maps key transcriptional and chromatin dynamics underlying regionalization, neurogenesis, and neuronal subtype differentiation. We identify distinct neurogenic progenitor populations and uncover gene regulatory networks controlling their spatial and temporal identity. Integration with genome-wide association study data reveals that transcription factors active in supramammillary and prethalamic lineages are associated with metabolic and neuropsychiatric traits. Cross-repressive interactions among regional transcription factors reinforce hypothalamic boundaries. Functional analysis of Dlx1/2 shows that their loss disrupts GABAergic neuron specification, leading to impaired thalamic inhibition and hyperactivity. This study provides a foundational atlas of hypothalamic and prethalamic development and highlights the importance of early gene regulatory programs in health and disease.

Indexed as

Gene Regulatory NetworksHypothalamusNeurogenesisNeuronsThalamusAnimalsGABAergic NeuronsGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalHomeodomain ProteinsMiceTranscription FactorsHomeodomain ProteinsTranscription Factorsautism spectrum disorderCP: Developmental biologyCP: NeurosciencediencephalonDlx1Dlx2gene regulatory networkshypothalamusneurogenesisprethalamussingle-cell multiomicstemporal patterningthalamic reticular nucleuszona incerta

Identifiers

PMID40512619
PMCPMC12302022

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.