Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40512429›Full record

Article3D printing in medicine2025

3D printed vitamin D impregnated catheters for magnetic resonance-guided interventions: proof of concept and imaging characteristics.

Liam O Cunningham, Aravinda Ganapathy, Cihat Eldeniz, Jeffery A Weisman, Kevin E Lindsay, Udayabhanu Jammalamadaka, Karthik Tappa, Amber Salter, Hongyu An, Pamela K Woodard and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in 3D printing in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Liam O CunninghamSchool of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Aravinda GanapathySchool of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Cihat EldenizMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Stop 8131, St. Louis, MO, 63310, USA.
Jeffery A WeismanMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Stop 8131, St. Louis, MO, 63310, USA.
Kevin E LindsayMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Stop 8131, St. Louis, MO, 63310, USA.
Udayabhanu JammalamadakaMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Stop 8131, St. Louis, MO, 63310, USA.
Karthik TappaMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Stop 8131, St. Louis, MO, 63310, USA.
Amber SalterDepartment of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Hongyu AnMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Stop 8131, St. Louis, MO, 63310, USA.
Pamela K WoodardMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Stop 8131, St. Louis, MO, 63310, USA.
David H BallardMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Stop 8131, St. Louis, MO, 63310, USA. davidballard@wustl.edu.

Funding

Training OPportunities in Translational Imaging Education and Research (TOP-TIER)T32EB021955 · NIBIB · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Hongyu An, Joseph Edward Ippolito · 2017 to 2026
$2.4M
NIBIB NIH HHS T32 EB021955NIH HHS T32-EB021955
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCatheters used for magnetic resonance (MR)-guided interventions require intra-catheter coils and often produce artifacts. This study aimed to fabricate 3D-printed catheters impregnated with vitamin D solution to allow for optimal visualization during MR-guided procedures.

methods3D printing was used to fabricate catheters impregnated with vitamin D solution. Computer-aided design files were generated for a size 18 French catheter prototype with a compartment for vitamin D solution to be manually introduced into the catheter's lumen and sealed via thermoplastic welding. Polylactic acid (PLA) bioplastic was 3D printed into filaments via material extrusion (FDM

resultsAll 3D-printed catheters impregnated with vitamin D produced a signal on MR. SNR for vitamin D catheters was similar across the various forms of vitamin D: mean SNRs for 100% cholecalciferol, ergocalciferol, and calcitriol were 138, 139, and 130. Mean SNR and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for vitamin D catheters were significantly higher than the control saline catheter (p < 0.001, for both SNR and CNR). T1 values were lower in vitamin D-impregnated catheters compared to the saline control (228 ± 67 ms and 3371 ± 493 ms, respectively; p < 0.0001), indicating a better signal.

conclusions3D printing of catheters impregnated with vitamin D is feasible and can potentially optimize MR-guided procedures.

Indexed as

3D printingCatheter trackingCustom medical devicesMR-compatible materialsMR-guided interventions

Identifiers

PMID40512429
PMCPMC12164080

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.