ArticleInternational urology and nephrology2025
Comparison of microRNA-21 expression in bladder cancer tumor with normal-appearing adjacent tissue and healthy controls.
Article in International urology and nephrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundMicroRNAs (miR) regulate post-transcriptional gene expression with an established role in cancer development, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. miR-21 is an oncogenic miR that targets p53 and promotes tumor development. We aim to assess mir-21 expression in bladder cancer (BCa) and compare it to grossly normal-appearing tumor-adjacent tissue and controls.
methodsThis case-control study was implemented from December 2019 to July 2021. We collected 72 specimens of 36 BCa cases (36 specimens of tumoral tissue and 36 specimens of grossly normal-appearing adjacent tissue) and nine specimens from 9 control participants. After total mRNA extraction, microRNA expression was evaluated by Stem-loop real-time RT-PCR.
resultsAmong the 45 participants, the mean ages in the BCa (36 patients) and control groups (9 patients) were 58.46 ± 16.69 and 56.89 ± 14.92, respectively. The mean expression of miR-21 was 1.8 ± 1.5, 2.8 ± 1.2, and 1.0 ± 0.5 in tumoral tissue, tumor-adjacent grossly normal tissue, and control specimens, respectively. miR-21 expression was higher in tumoral and tumor-adjacent tissues than in controls, with smokers exhibiting significantly elevated levels across all groups (p = 0.037). Additionally, miR-21 expression was significantly higher in high-grade versus low-grade BCa tumors (p = 0.025), with tumoral tissue expression levels of 1.9 ± 1.2 and 1.5 ± 1.3, respectively, and tumor-adjacent tissue levels of 2.7 ± 1.2 and 1.95 ± 1.4, respectively. In the control group, older age was associated with reduced expression of miR-21, whereas in BCa patients, the expression of miR-21 increased with aging (p < 0.05).
conclusionmiR-21 expression was higher in the tumor-adjacent tissue than in tumoral tissue and control specimens. The study recognizes certain limitations, such as a limited control group and possible sample loss, which might influence the strength and applicability of the findings.
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