Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40512312›Full record

ArticleMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)2025

Immunofluorescence Assays to Visualize Tick-Borne Flaviviruses in Mouse Skin or Brain.

Rodrigo I Santos, Meghan E Hermance

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Rodrigo I SantosJerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine, Campbell University, Buies Creek, NC, USA.
Meghan E HermanceFrederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA. mhermance@southalabama.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Multiplex immunofluorescence (IF) utilizes a combination of different fluorophore-linked antibodies to facilitate the simultaneous observation of multiple antigenic epitopes within a tissue section. In this chapter, we describe how tick-borne flaviviruses can be visualized in mouse skin biopsies harvested from the tick feeding site or in mouse brain tissue. Using antibodies specific to the North American tick-borne flavivirus, Powassan virus (POWV), and to Mus musculus cell markers, IF multiplex labeling experiments allow us to visualize how POWV antigen co-localizes with host cell markers. Such IF multiplexing in mouse skin and brain tissue suggests which host cells are targets of viral infection.

Indexed as

BrainEncephalitis, Tick-BorneEncephalitis Viruses, Tick-BorneFlavivirusFluorescent Antibody TechniqueSkinAnimalsMiceAutofluorescenceBrainImmunofluorescenceIndirect immunofluorescenceSkin biopsyTick-borne flavivirusTick–host cutaneous interface

Identifiers

PMID40512312

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.