Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40511877›Full record

ArticleThe Laryngoscope2025

Evaluation of Aerosol-Laden Plumes Generated by Jet Ventilation Using Background Oriented Schlieren.

Justin Jou, S Syam, Azmi Marouf, Abbeigh N Schroeder, N Scott Howard, Bryan E Schmidt

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Laryngoscope, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Justin JouMechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
S SyamMechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Azmi MaroufSchool of Medicine, Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Abbeigh N SchroederMechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
N Scott HowardSchool of Medicine, Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Bryan E SchmidtMechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9193-7760

Funding

Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) Visualization for Evaluation of Risk in Aerosol-Generating ProceduresR21EB032644 · NIBIB · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI HOWARD, NELSON SCOTT, SCHMIDT, BRYAN · 2022 to 2024
$580k
NIBIB NIH HHS 1-R21-EB032644-01NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB032644
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe risk of viral infection to healthcare workers during aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) is an area of significant concern within the medical community. In this work, we analyze the flow patterns created by jet ventilation, a type of AGP used in laryngeal surgery, both qualitatively and quantitatively to assess the effects associated with commonly used jet ventilation settings.

methodsWe apply background oriented schlieren (BOS) imaging to visualize and analyze the aerosol-laden plume. Simultaneous direct measurements of aerosol content were performed using an optical particle sizer (OPS). Twelve configurations for jet ventilation were studied, varying the jet frequency, placement within the airway, and level of suction, and the aerosol contained in the plume was quantitatively evaluated.

resultsLow-frequency supraglottic ventilation exhibits the lowest total signal, approximately 50% lower than the high-frequency cases and less than 10% of the low-frequency infraglottic case. The highest signal magnitude was seen in low-frequency infraglottic ventilation, 20% higher than the next highest signal with no suction. The use of suction was observed to reduce the signal by 40%-100%, with a stronger effect in the SG configuration.

conclusionBoth BOS and OPS measurements reveal that a supraglottic arrangement with a pulse frequency of 0.2 Hz produces the lowest amount of plume extent and aerosol content, and that the use of suction considerably reduces the amount of aerosol content present in the plume. Qualitative agreement was observed between the BOS data and the OPS in terms of the relative signal between configurations, but not quantitatively. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: N/A.

Indexed as

High-Frequency Jet VentilationInfectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-ProfessionalAerosolsHumansAerosolsaerosol generating procedurejet ventilationlaryngeal surgeryschlieren imaging

Identifiers

PMID40511877
PMCPMC12475535

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.