Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40511593›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of occupational medicine and environmental health2025

Male role norms and the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms among Polish male paramedics.

Magdalena Maja Sitko-Dominik, Tomasz Daniel Jakubowski, Eugenia Ewa Mandal

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Magdalena Maja Sitko-DominikUniversity of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland (Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology).
Tomasz Daniel JakubowskiUniversity of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland (Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology).
Eugenia Ewa MandalUniversity of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland (Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology).

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesKnowledge of the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the rescue profession is crucial for designing psycho-education to minimize the risk of its occurrence and increase the chance of providing effective assistance. The aim of the study was to analyze risk factors that may increase the likelihood of developing PTSD among paramedics. MATERIAL AND

methodsThe study was conducted on 113 male paramedics. The study used the

resultsThe results showed that nearly 40% of the respondents suffer from PTSD. The paramedics who met the criteria for PTSD did not differ in their acceptance of male norms or the level of perceived social support from the paramedics who did not develop PTSD symptoms. Multiple regression analyses showed that the number of types of events experienced in the course of professional duties and male cultural norms related to social status were predictors of PTSD. Logistic regression analysis revealed that acceptance of male norm of anti-femininity increased the likelihood of developing PTSD.

conclusionsThe results showed that men who performed stereotypically male professions could be less likely to seek specialist help in PTSD situations because such behavior does not fit the role of a strong, assertive man in social perception. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2025;38(3):280-295.

Indexed as

Allied Health PersonnelStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticAdultHumansMaleMiddle AgedParamedicsPolandPrevalenceRisk FactorsSocial SupportSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultmasculinityparamedicsPolandpost-traumaticsocial supportstress disorders

Identifiers

PMID40511593
PMCPMC12273903

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.