Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40511461›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2025

Smartphone addiction and academic procrastination among college students: a serial mediation model of self-control and academic self-efficacy.

Xiuli Zhao, Huahua Wang, Zaoming Ma, Libing Zhang, Tian Chang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xiuli ZhaoAcademy of Art and Design, Guangdong AIB Polytechnic, Guangzhou, China.
Huahua WangSchool of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
Zaoming MaUniversity International College, Macau Unversity of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR, China.
Libing ZhangFaculty of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
Tian ChangInstitute of International and Comparative Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Researches have highlighted the individual roles of smartphone addiction (SA), self-control (S-C), and academic self-efficacy (AS-E) in predicting academic procrastination (AP), but studies on how these variables combine to affect AP are scarce. Drawing inspiration from the conceptual model of procrastination, this research endeavors to examine a serial mediation model in which SA serves as a precursor, with S-C and AS-E acting as serial mediators in predicting AP among college students who are prone to it. Methods: Participants were 1269 Chinese undergraduates (989 females, Mage = 19.03±1.00) from seven major regions in China. Data were collected using an online questionnaire. Descriptive and mediation analyses were conducted in SPSS 25.0. Results: The findings revealed that SA is indirectly linked to AP through independent and sequential mediation by S-C and AS-E. People with high SA reported lower levels of S-C, which in turn was associated with lower AS-E, and these were associated with higher reports of AP. Discussion: These findings offer significant contributions to the current body of research on AP, laying the groundwork for the development of interventions focused on reducing AP among college students.

Indexed as

academic procrastinationacademic self-efficacycollege studentsself-controlsmartphone addiction

Identifiers

PMID40511461
PMCPMC12158977

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.