Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40511367›Full record

ArticleNational science review2025

Experimental demonstration of integrated encryption and communication over optical fiber.

Zekun Niu, Yunhao Xie, Guozhi Xu, Chenhao Dai, Hang Yang, Chuyan Zeng, Minghui Shi, Lyv Li, Guoqing Pu, Weisheng Hu and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in National science review, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Zekun NiuDepartment of Electronic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Yunhao XieDepartment of Electronic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Guozhi XuDepartment of Electronic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Chenhao DaiDepartment of Electronic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Hang YangDepartment of Electronic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Chuyan ZengDepartment of Electronic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Minghui ShiDepartment of Electronic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Lyv LiDepartment of Electronic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Guoqing PuDepartment of Electronic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Weisheng HuDepartment of Electronic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Lilin YiDepartment of Electronic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As we enter the big data and artificial intelligence (AI) era, integrating security and communication over optical fiber has become a critical challenge. This urgency is driven by the need to protect vast amounts of sensitive data, ensuring privacy security across global high-capacity optical networks. Traditional secure communication methods often struggle to maintain high-capacity transmission performance while providing robust security. Here we propose an integrated encryption and communication (IEAC) framework, designed to maximize mutual information (MI) for legal users while minimizing it for potential eavesdroppers. Enabled by end-to-end deep learning, this holistic framework trains a random number-selected geometric constellation shaping scheme to optimize encryption processes and transmission quality simultaneously. The IEAC experiment system achieves a groundbreaking single-channel transmission rate of 1 Terabit per second (Tb/s) over a 1200-km fiber link, employing a 26-channel, 3.9 THz bandwidth, full C-band wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) configuration. The MI for eavesdroppers is under 0.2 bit per symbol where the regular value is near 4.0, ensuring secure transmission. The IEAC scheme offers a scalable, promising solution to meet the escalating demand for high-throughput, secure data transmission in the face of advancing big data and AI computational technologies.

Indexed as

deep learningintegrated encryption and communicationmutual informationoptical fiber communicationssecurity communications

Identifiers

PMID40511367
PMCPMC12153715

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.