ArticlePolymers2025
The Effect of Tertiary Amines as Catalysts on the Ring-Opening Polymerization of Benzoxazines.
Article in Polymers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Benzoxazines are a kind of high-performance thermosetting resin that can undergo ring-opening polymerization to generate cross-linking structures. Here, two benzoxazine monomers, bisphenol A/aniline type (BA-a) and bisphenol A/tert-butylamine type (BA-tb), were synthesized and mixed with three tertiary amine catalysts like 2-methylimidazole (2MI), 1,2-dimethylimidazole (12MI), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed to study the curing behaviors and the curing kinetics of two benzoxazine/catalyst systems. The results indicated that all amines had a catalytic effect on the polymerization of both benzoxazines, and the BA-a/catalyst systems showed relatively higher activity. In addition, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were procured to analyze structural changes in the benzoxazine/catalyst systems during the curing process. The presence of the catalysts promoted the progress of the ring-opening reactions and the formation of the phenolic units in the cross-linking structures, and these evolutions were more obvious for the BA-a/catalyst system than the BA-tb/catalyst system. Furthermore, a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted to analyze the thermal stability of the cured systems. Finally, possible curing reaction mechanisms were proposed for these benzoxazine/amine systems.
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