ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
Changes in NK Cells and Exhausted Th Cell Phenotype in RA Patients Treated with Janus Kinase Inhibitors: Implications for Adverse Effects.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Anifrolumab for Nonsystemic Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: Clinical Experience, Immunologic Insights, and Review of the Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Recent concerns regarding the safety of Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) have prompted investigation into their impact on immune cell subsets in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. This study aims to analyse alterations in immune cell populations induced by JAKis that may contribute to adverse events, such as infections or malignancies. This study included 78 RA patients meeting ACR/EULAR criteria with an established treatment with JAKis (tofacitinib, baricitinib, upadacitinib, or filgotinib), 20 healthy donors, and 20 RA patients treated with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were immunophenotyped directly after isolation using multiparametric flow cytometry to characterise innate and adaptive immune-cell subsets. JAKi-treated patients showed a significant reduction in cytotoxic NK Dim (CD3-CD56+CD16+) cells and in the percentage of NK Dim cells expressing the activation marker Nkp30. In CD4+ T cells, the percentage of Th17 (CD3+CD4+CD45RA+CCR6+CXCR3-), Th1-17 (CD3+CD4+CD45RA+CCR6+CXCR3+), and central memory (CM, CD3+CD4+CD45RA+CD62L+) cells was lower in the JAKi group, while effector memory (EM, CD3+CD4+CD45RA-CD62L-) and terminally differentiated CD45RA (TEMRA, CD3+CD4+CD45RA+CD62L-) T helper cells were increased compared to healthy and bDMARD-treated controls. The reduction in NK Dim and Th1-17 cells and the increase in exhausted Th subsets suggest a potential compromise in antiviral immunity and balanced immune responses in JAKi-treated RA patients. These alterations may contribute to an increased risk of infections or malignancies.
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