ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2025
Hydrops Fetalis Caused by Congenital Syphilis: Case Series and a Comprehensive Review.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effectiveness of treating gestational syphilis in the last trimester on the incidence of congenital syphilis: a systematic review and meta-analysisRevista colombiana de obstetricia y ginecologia · 2025Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A total of 30 hydropic fetuses, including 25 cases from published reports and 5 from our own series, were reviewed, validated, and analyzed. This review yielded the following key findings: (1) Unlike most cases of nonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF), hydrops caused by syphilis is not only preventable but also treatable, with complete resolution possible when appropriately managed. (2) Syphilis-associated hydrops carries a poor prognosis if timely and appropriate treatment is not administered. (3) Based on limited data, intravenous penicillin G is probably more effective than intramuscular benzathine penicillin in treating hydropic fetuses. (4) Middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV) measurements are increasingly used as a reliable and noninvasive tool for assessing fetal anemia, determining the need for intrauterine transfusion (IUT), and monitoring treatment response. (5) A significant number of cases did not receive prenatal treatment due to false-negative serologic results caused by the prozone effect, as well as the omission of syphilis from the differential diagnosis of NIHF, leading to missed prenatal diagnoses. (6) IUT may help mitigate cellular damage in developing vital organs caused by anemic hypoxia, particularly while awaiting the effects of medical treatment. In conclusion, the modern approach to managing this ancient disease includes: (1) prioritizing intensive intravenous penicillin G therapy over conventional intramuscular benzathine penicillin G; (2) utilizing MCA-PSV in conjunction with other indicators of anemia to monitor its severity; and (3) implementing IUT to prevent anemic hypoxic injury in cases where the hematocrit falls below 30%.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.