ArticleNutrients2025
Within- and Between-Individual Variations in Protein, Sodium, Potassium, and Phosphorus Intake Estimated from Urinary Biomarkers and Dietary Records in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Article in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimAppropriate dietary assessment plays a crucial role in individualized nutritional therapy for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Daily dietary variations must be considered in the estimation of usual dietary intake, and such data are limited in individuals with T2DM. This study aimed to evaluate within- and between-individual variations in protein, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus intakes estimated from 24 h urine collection (24 h UC) and semi-weighted dietary records (DRs) in Japanese individuals with T2DM.
methodsThis study included 39 Japanese individuals (26 males, 13 females; mean age 64.6 years) with T2DM who attended two hospitals. Protein, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus intakes were estimated using 2-day 24 h UC and 3-day DRs and within- and between-individual variations were calculated using a one-way analysis of variance.
resultsThe mean protein, potassium, and phosphorus intakes did not significantly differ between 24 h UC and DRs. However, sodium intake was lower when estimated by DRs than by 24 h UC. The coefficients of within-individual variation (CV
conclusionsOur findings demonstrated that 24 h UC showed smaller within-individual variations than DRs for protein and phosphorus in both sexes, with sex-specific differences for sodium and potassium.
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