ArticlePopulation health metrics2025
Associations of socioeconomic status and healthy lifestyle with incident early-onset and late-onset hypertension: a nationwide prospective cohort study in the UK.
Article in Population health metrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Associations between lifestyle and initiation of cardiovascular preventive medicines in 60-year-olds at low to moderate cardiovascular risk level - a prospective cohort study based on the VIPVIZA-trial.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Trial
- The association of early-onset diabetes mellitus with early-onset hypertension and premature all-cause mortality: a study based on NHANES.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- Associations between socioeconomic factors and mental symptoms highlight whole-body correlates and pathways.iScience · 2026Article
- Associations of weekend warrior and regular physical activity patterns with prevalence of hypertension by socioeconomic status in Korean adults.Clinical hypertension · 2026Article
- Association of dietary quality, biological aging, progression and mortality of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: insights from mediation and machine learning approaches.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
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Funding
Abstract
introductionLow socioeconomic status (SES) and unhealthy lifestyle are known risk factors for hypertension, but their impact on early-onset hypertension remains unclear.
methodsA nationwide cohort study using UK Biobank data included 128,918 adults. SES was classified as high, medium, or low through latent class analysis of household income, employment, and education. A healthy lifestyle score was based on nonsmoking, moderate alcohol use, physical activity, and diet quality. Early-onset hypertension was defined as diagnosis before age 50; late-onset hypertension was diagnosed at 50 or older.
resultsEarly-onset hypertension incidence was 2.93%, while late-onset was 14.45%. In early-onset hypertension, incidence increased from 2.03% in high SES to 7.35% in low SES (p < 0.001). For late-onset hypertension, incidence ranged from 9.70 to 20.74% (p < 0.001). Medium and low SES were significant risk factors for both forms of hypertension. The mediation effect of a healthy lifestyle on early-onset hypertension was 3.16%, and 0.42% for late-onset. Low SES combined with an unhealthy lifestyle increased early-onset hypertension risk by 356% and late-onset by 105%. The strength of the associations between risk factors for early-onset hypertension was greater than that for late-onset hypertension, particularly for low SES, obesity, and low education level.
conclusionsLow SES is a stronger risk factor for early-onset hypertension than late-onset. A healthy lifestyle provides significant protection, especially in low SES groups. Tailored interventions addressing SES, education, and obesity are essential for preventing both early- and late-onset hypertension.
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