Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40506710›Full record

ArticleJournal of nanobiotechnology2025

Engineering a bivalent nanoparticle vaccine with PCV2 capsid protein and PRRSV epitopes.

Jun Ma, Xun Xiao, Yanrong Zhou, Wen Huang, Jie Sun, Xinjian Chang, Shaobo Xiao, Liurong Fang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jun Ma *National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Xun Xiao *National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Yanrong ZhouNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Wen HuangNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Jie SunNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Xinjian ChangNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Shaobo XiaoNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Liurong FangNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. fanglr@mail.hzau.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCoinfection with multiple viruses is a common occurrence in the pig industry. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) are two significant pathogens, with a notable prevalence of their coinfection observed in clinical settings. However, reports on corresponding combination vaccines against PRRSV and PCV2 are scarce. The capsid (Cap) protein encoded by PCV2 is highly immunogenic, and recombinant Cap expressed in vitro can self-assemble into virus-like particles (VLPs), providing a promising strategy for developing bivalent vaccines against both PRRSV and PCV2.

methodThree novel nanoparticle vaccines (Cap-DS, Cap-DP, and Cap-DE) were engineered by inserting multiple neutralizing epitopes from PRRSV (GP5B epitope, GP3I epitope, and GP5IV epitope) into the PCV2 Cap protein. These recombinant proteins, produced using a baculovirus expression system, successfully formed VLPs in vitro.

resultsImmunization of BALB/c mice with these nanoparticle vaccines significantly enhanced T-lymphocyte immune responses and elicited high-titer antibodies against both PCV2 and PRRSV. Notably, Cap-DS induced more potent serum neutralizing antibodies against PRRSV compared to Cap-DP and Cap-DE. Piglets immunized with Cap-DS, upon challenge with PRRSV, demonstrated significant protection compared to the PBS-immunized control group.

conclusionsThese findings indicate that Cap-DS is a promising candidate for the development of a bivalent nanoparticle vaccine against PRRSV and PCV2 infections, addressing a significant gap in current swine vaccination strategies.

Indexed as

Capsid ProteinsCircoviridae InfectionsCircovirusEpitopesNanoparticlesPorcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virusViral VaccinesAnimalsAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralMiceMice, Inbred BALB CNanovaccinesPorcine Reproductive and Respiratory SyndromeSwineVaccines, Virus-Like ParticleAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralCapsid ProteinsEpitopesNanovaccinesVaccines, Virus-Like ParticleViral VaccinesBaculovirus expressionNanoparticle vaccinePorcine circovirus type 2Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virusVirus-like particles

Identifiers

PMID40506710
PMCPMC12164076

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.