ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2025
Global importance of nitrogen fixation across inland and coastal waters.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tandem Catalysis in CuO/ZnMnO3 Heterostructures for Efficient Electrooxidation of N2 to Nitrate.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Sustained deoxygenation in global flowing waters under climate warming.Science advances · 2026Article
- DiazoTIME: a metabolically-resolved reference database of nitrogen-fixing microbial genomes.Microbiology resource announcements · 2025Article
- Reducing Nitrogen Inputs Can Rapidly Reverse Eutrophication in Shallow Phosphorus-Rich Lakes.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Global importance of nitrogen fixation across inland and coastal waters.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Biological nitrogen fixation is a key driver of global primary production and climate. Decades of effort have repeatedly updated nitrogen fixation estimates for terrestrial and open ocean systems, yet other aquatic systems in between have largely been ignored. Here we present an evaluation of nitrogen fixation for inland and coastal waters. We demonstrate that water column and sediment nitrogen fixation is ubiquitous across these diverse aquatic habitats, with rates ranging six orders of magnitude. We conservatively estimate that, despite accounting for less than 10% of the global surface area, inland and coastal aquatic systems fix 40 (30 to 54) teragrams of nitrogen per year, equivalent to 15% of the nitrogen fixed on land and in the open ocean. Inland systems contribute more than half of this biological nitrogen fixation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.