ArticleJournal of clinical laboratory analysis2025
Detection of HIV-1 Antibodies in Saliva of Persons Living With HIV Using Blood-Based First Response HIV 1-2.O Card Test.
Article in Journal of clinical laboratory analysis, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThis study tested HIV-1 antibodies in saliva samples (sHIV-1 Ab) collected by the Self-Lollisponge device.
methodsBlood and saliva from confirmed persons with HIV and HIV-negative controls were analyzed for HIV-1/2 antibodies using the blood-based First Response HIV 1-2.O Card Test. The sampling device containing sHIV-1 Ab was stored at 6°C for 60 days, with intermittent testing on days 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 60. Regression analysis was done to assess the relationship between the presence of sHIV-1 Ab and independent variables.
resultsThe sensitivity and the specificity of detecting sHIV-1 Ab were 72.9% (95% CI: 63.92%-80.65%) and 100% (95% CI: 92.89%-100.00%), respectively. The presence of opportunistic infections (AOR = 13.1, p < 0.001), having stomatorrhagia (AOR = 4.56, p = 0.0022), and hyperviremia (> 201 copies/mL) (AOR = 4.91, p = 0.0225) heightened sHIV-1 Ab detection. Furthermore, fatigue (AOR = 12.1, p = 0.0024), fever (AOR = 3.5, p = 0.0144), and weight loss (AOR = 10.9, p = 0.0318) increased the odds of having sHIV-1 Ab in persons living with HIV (PLWHIV). sHIV-1 Ab was identified in over 90% of PLWHIV with opportunistic infections (OIs) and stomatorrhagia, OIs and hyperviremia, and stomatorrhagia and hyperviremia. Upon storage for 60 days, the sHIV-1 Ab was detected in all the samples.
conclusionSaliva could be an alternative to blood for diagnosing HIV. In addition, the Self-Lollisponge device was found to be user-friendly, acquiescent to all settings, and cheap, and can preserve sHIV-1 Ab for at least 60 days.
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