Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40503235›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025

PD-1 is conserved from sharks to humans: new insights into PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, and SHP-2 evolution.

Ryohei Kondo, Kohei Kondo, Kei Nabeshima, Akihiko Nishikimi, Yasumasa Ishida, Toshiaki Shigeoka, Johannes M Dijkstra

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Understanding the Therapeutic Potential of PD-1 Agonism in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disorders.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ryohei KondoBiosafety Division, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
Kohei KondoAntimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.
Kei NabeshimaBiodiveristy Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan.
Akihiko NishikimiBiosafety Division, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
Yasumasa IshidaDivision of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan.
Toshiaki ShigeokaDivision of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan.
Johannes M DijkstraCenter for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is an immune checkpoint molecule until recently believed to exist only in tetrapod species. However, together with a very recent study dedicated to the CD28/CTLA4 molecule family, this study-using database information-identifies the

Indexed as

B7-H1 AntigenEvolution, MolecularProgrammed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 ProteinProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorProtein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11SharksAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsConserved SequenceHumansPhylogenyB7-H1 AntigenCD274 protein, humanPDCD1LG2 protein, humanPDCD1 protein, humanProgrammed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 ProteinProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorProtein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11PTPN11 protein, humanevolutionfishPD-1PD-L1PD-L2SHP-1SHP-2SHP-2L

Identifiers

PMID40503235
PMCPMC12151841

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.