Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40503002›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma2025

Association between haemoglobin A1c level and hip fracture risk in type 2 diabetes patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mohammad Arshad Ikram, Justin Vijay Gnanou, Chin Chai Chong, Nisar Ahmed, Shobna Sai Letchumenan, Zairul-Nizam Zainol Fithri

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Mohammad Arshad IkramDepartment of Orthopaedics, International Medical University, Clinical Campus Seremban, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, 70300, Malaysia.
Justin Vijay GnanouDepartment of Human Biology, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Malaysia.
Chin Chai ChongDepartment of Orthopaedics, International Medical University, Clinical Campus Seremban, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, 70300, Malaysia.
Nisar AhmedDepartment of Orthopaedics, International Medical University, Clinical Campus Seremban, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, 70300, Malaysia.
Shobna Sai LetchumenanDepartment of Orthopaedics, International Medical University, Clinical Campus Seremban, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, 70300, Malaysia.
Zairul-Nizam Zainol FithriDepartment of Orthopaedics, International Medical University, Clinical Campus Seremban, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, 70300, Malaysia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Hip fractures are prevalent in the elderly. Diabetes complication includes osteoporosis, which raises the possibility of hip fractures in an elderly population with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this Meta-analysis is to determine whether long-term glycaemic management, as measured by HbA1c in patients with diabetes mellitus, is associated with a lower incidence of hip fractures. Methods: The study was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses 2020 (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched PubMed, Ovid, and ScienceDirect, and did a manual search of the reference lists of identified studies for published data on the association between hip fractures and glycaemic control. This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO with a Registration number: CRD42021260328. All eligible articles were included, and a meta-analysis on the comparison between HbA1c values above 6.5 and below 6.5 and between HbA1c values above 6.0 and below 6.0 in patients above 65 years with diabetes mellitus will be done by using a Forest plot. Odds Ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) will be calculated as summary statistics for dichotomous outcomes. Results: Thirty-seven relevant articles were identified in the initial search, and four of these studies met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review and meta-analysis. Conclusion: Our study suggests that hip fractures are more common in the elderly diabetic population when haemoglobin A1c levels exceed 6.5 %.

Indexed as

AgedDiabetes mellitusGlycosylated haemoglobinHip fracturesMeta-analysis

Identifiers

PMID40503002
PMCPMC12148369

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.