Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40501019›Full record

Trial reportMovement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society2025

Low/High Multi-Frequency Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus Improves Verbal Fluency Maintaining Motor Control in Parkinson's Disease.

Lucia Ricciardi, Francescopaolo Cucinotta, Elena Pegolo, Arturo Abundes-Corona, Bryony Ishihara, Israt Hossain, Zimi Sawacha, Michael Hart, Erlick Pereira, Francesca Morgante and 1 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Lucia RicciardiNeurosciences and Cell Biology Institute, Neuromodulation and Motor Control Section, City St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9401-3301
Francescopaolo CucinottaNeurosciences and Cell Biology Institute, Neuromodulation and Motor Control Section, City St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Elena PegoloNeurosciences and Cell Biology Institute, Neuromodulation and Motor Control Section, City St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Arturo Abundes-CoronaEdmond J Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, UHN, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7997-294X
Bryony IshiharaNeurosciences and Cell Biology Institute, Neuromodulation and Motor Control Section, City St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Israt HossainNeurosciences and Cell Biology Institute, Neuromodulation and Motor Control Section, City St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Zimi SawachaDepartment of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Michael HartNeurosciences and Cell Biology Institute, Neuromodulation and Motor Control Section, City St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Erlick PereiraNeurosciences and Cell Biology Institute, Neuromodulation and Motor Control Section, City St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Francesca MorganteNeurosciences and Cell Biology Institute, Neuromodulation and Motor Control Section, City St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9834-3639
Alfonso FasanoEdmond J Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, UHN, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5346-0180

Funding

Medical Research Centre MR/T023864/1the University of Toronto/University Health Network Chair in Neuromodulation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHigh frequency deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is a well-established therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD) motor symptoms, however, its effect on non-motor symptoms is controversial. Low frequency DBS can improve cognition, but its effects on motor functions are detrimental.

objectiveOur goal was to evaluate the effect on verbal fluency (VF) of dual frequency STN-DBS combining high and low frequency (130 + 10 Hz) as compared to 130 Hz or 10 Hz alone and to OFF stimulation. The effect on motor symptoms, working memory, and subjective feelings was also assessed.

methodsWe used a randomized order of experimental conditions with a double-blind design to assess the effects of 130 Hz, 10 Hz, and 130 + 10 Hz stimulation as compared to OFF stimulation in 18 PD patients with STN-DBS. In each condition, participants completed: phonemic and action VF, N-back task, and visual analogue scales for fatigue and stress level. Motor functions and gait velocity were also assessed. Friedman analysis of variance were conducted to determine whether change scores from baseline OFF stimulation, in our primary (VF) and secondary outcomes measures (motor functions, N-back task, subjective feelings) were different in the three stimulation conditions.

resultsVF improved more in the 130 + 10 Hz condition than 130 Hz condition (P = 0.006); there was no difference between 130 + 10 Hz and 10 Hz (P = 0.2) and between 130HZ and 10 Hz (P = 0.6). There was a significant difference among the stimulation conditions for the motor score (χ

conclusionsDual frequency STN-DBS improves phonemic VF while maintaining a beneficial effect on motor signs of PD. © 2025 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

Indexed as

Deep Brain StimulationParkinson DiseaseSubthalamic NucleusAgedDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleMemory, Short-TermMiddle Agedcognitiondeep brain stimulationnon‐motor symptomsParkinson's diseaseverbal fluency

Identifiers

PMID40501019
PMCPMC12485583

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.