ReviewDiscover oncology2025
Midkine (MDK) in cancer and drug resistance: from inflammation to therapy.
Review in Discover oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integration of single-cell transcriptome of female early gonadal development in bovine, goats, and pigs.iScience · 2026Article
- Single-cell transcriptomics profiling elucidates RBP-driven metastatic signaling pathways in ERiScience · 2026Article
- Evidence of the role of Midkine and Pleiotrophin in the pathogenesis of Familial Mediterranean Fever.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Rewiring immunity: Midkine's emerging role in cancer immune escape and drug resistance.iScience · 2026Review
- Necroptosis induced by MLKL overexpression in liver triggers cellular senescence and leads to chronic inflammation and fibrosis.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Midkine (MDK) as a central regulator of the tumor microenvironment: From developmental cytokine to therapeutic target.Cancer letters · 2026Review
- Mechanistic investigation of Midkine-Notch2 signaling in suppressing pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell apoptosis and promoting vascular remodeling in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Midkine-Mediated Microglia Activation after Renal Injury Promotes Cognitive Impairment Following Ischemic Renal Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Identification of programmed cell death-related subtypes reveals immune heterogeneity and therapeutic divergence in colon cancer.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Single-cell analysis reveals shared and distinct molecular signatures in brain organoid models of neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Article
- Midkine Deficiency Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Midkine (MDK) is a heparin-binding growth factor implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer, chronic inflammation, and multidrug resistance (MDR). While its expression is minimal in adult tissues, it becomes markedly elevated during embryogenesis and in response to injury, infection, or hypoxia. MDK modulates inflammatory responses by recruiting immune cells and enhancing proinflammatory cytokine production. In oncogenesis, it promotes tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and therapeutic resistance. Elevated MDK levels are frequently associated with aggressive tumor behavior and poor clinical outcomes. This review synthesizes current knowledge on MDK's expression profiles, molecular mechanisms, and functional roles across pathological conditions. It also discusses MDK's emerging value as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, and highlights recent advances in therapeutic strategies including small molecule inhibitors, RNA-based approaches, and receptor-blocking peptides. Overall, MDK represents a promising target for future personalized therapies, although further preclinical and clinical validation is warranted to confirm its translational potential.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.