SynthesisEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society2025
Prognostic biomarkers for the development of progressive pulmonary fibrosis in hypersensitivity pneumonitis: a systematic review.
Synthesis in European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Current concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of hypersensitivity pneumonitis: a narrative review.Respiratory research & clinical practice · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (fHP) an ongoing immune response triggers pulmonary inflammation and concurrent fibrotic pathways, leading to irreversible disease progression. Patients with the progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) phenotype have a poor prognosis. Reliable identification of biomarkers to predict PPF could aid clinicians in determining disease prognosis and optimising patient care. We aimed to identify prognostic biomarkers for the PPF phenotype in fHP using existing literature.
methodsWe performed a systematic review (PROSPERO, CRD42024537599) and searched Medline, Embase and Scopus from inception to 10 April 2024. We included studies that evaluated the ability of biomarkers measured in blood or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) to predict disease progression in adult patients with fHP. Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Prognostic Accuracy Studies tool.
resultsOf the 3027 articles initially identified, 31 met the inclusion criteria, encompassing a total of 3766 fHP patients. 65 biomarkers were identified; however, most were evaluated in only one (n=49) or two (n=6) studies. The most frequently evaluated biomarkers were BALF cellular composition, serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 and serum surfactant protein D levels. Survival was the most commonly assessed outcome, followed by disease progression and acute exacerbation. None of the biomarkers reliably predicted the prognosis.
conclusionsA large number of biomarkers have been evaluated for their prognostic ability in fHP, but none of them appear to be consistently associated with the PPF phenotype. Heterogeneity across studies in terms of methods, disease definitions, outcomes and measurement time points complicates the identification of a marker with strong potential, and this situation should be improved in the clinical field.
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