Trial reportClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2025
Addition of Dendritic Cell Vaccination to Conditioning Cyclophosphamide and Chemoembolization in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The ImmunoTACE Trial.
Trial report in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Synergistic nanoparticle dyad improving tumor immunogenicity and reshaping tolerogenic dendritic cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines in Gastrointestinal Malignancies: Advances, Challenges, and Emerging Strategies.Cancers · 2026Review
- Preclinical exploration and current clinical applications of immunotherapeutic strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Dendritic Cells: Origin, Classification, Development, Biological Functions, and Therapeutic Potential.MedComm · 2025Review
- Preconditioning with Low-Dose Radiation Improves Antitumor Immunity and Survival in DC-Vaccinated Mice.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- New insights into combined immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma associated with liver cirrhosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeA previous study by our group using dendritic cells (DC) pulsed ex vivo with the lysate of the HepG2 cell line showed evidence of antigen-specific T-cell responses in some patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The ImmunoTACE trial evaluated the preliminary activity of this vaccine in combination with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. PATIENTS AND
methodsA randomized phase II trial was conducted in three tertiary referral centers in the United Kingdom. Eligible patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to TACE + preconditioning cyclophosphamide or to TACE + preconditioning cyclophosphamide + DC infusions. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival time using RECIST v1.1 criteria. Additional endpoints included safety and immune responses.
resultsBetween March 2016 and October 2019, 55 patients were randomized, of whom 48 were evaluable (24 in each group). The median progression-free survival time using RECIST criteria was 18.6 months in patients treated with chemoembolization + preconditioning cyclophosphamide + DC infusions compared with 10.4 months in those treated with chemoembolization + preconditioning cyclophosphamide alone (HR = 0.43; upper value of one-sided 80% confidence interval, 0.57; P = 0.016). The addition of DC infusions did not significantly increase the incidence or severity of adverse events. An enhanced antigen (α-fetoprotein)-specific immune response was observed in patients treated with DC vaccination.
conclusionsThe addition of DC infusions to TACE and preconditioning cyclophosphamide has shown promising preliminary activity and merits further investigation in a larger randomized trial.
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Registered trials
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