ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2025
Characterization of Bruch's Membrane Formation in Human Fetal Retina and De Novo Membrane Synthesis by hPSC-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelium.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose: Little is known about the development of Bruch's membrane (BrM), the structure separating and supporting the retina and choroid, nor whether differentiation of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) accurately replicates BrM. This has relevance for tissue engineering strategies, both in the development of accurate in vitro models, and effective RPE transplant strategies. Here, we investigated BrM-associated protein production in human fetal tissue and hPSC-derived RPE. Methods: The presence of laminin, elastin, fibronectin, and types I/III/IV collagen was examined in human fetal eyes at 6 to 21 post-conception weeks (PCWs) and hPSC-derived RPE cultures at 1 to 6 weeks in culture using immunohistochemistry/immunocytochemistry and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results: In human fetal retina, laminin and fibronectin were present from 6 PCW, type IV collagen from 8 PCW, elastin from 12 PCW, type I collagen by 17 PCW, and type III collagen from 21 PCW. BrM layering was discernible from 12 PCW, becoming distinct by 17 PCW. In hPSC-derived RPE cultures, basement membranes containing laminin and fibronectin were present from week 1, type IV collagen from week 2, and type I collagen from week 4. Type III collagen was present at all timepoints, although not localized as a basement membrane. Elastin was absent at all timepoints. Conclusions: BrM-like membrane synthesis in hPSC-derived RPE largely recapitulates the temporal sequence seen in human development, excluding elastin. These support the utility of hPSC-derived RPE in in vitro systems to model RPE/retina interactions in health and disease, and inform cell therapy approaches, as de novo BrM-like membrane has the potential to support transplanted donor RPE.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.