ArticleLaryngoscope investigative otolaryngology2025
Characterizing the Landscape of Otolaryngology Trained Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulator Surgeons.
Article in Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Outcomes of neurosurgery and otolaryngology team surgery for revision vagus nerve stimulation implantation surgery.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Hypoglossal nerve stimulator (HNS) implantation has become increasingly common to treat obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among patients unable to tolerate positive pressure therapy. Given the novelty of this surgery, there is variability in the training backgrounds of implanting surgeons. The objective of this study is to characterize the surgical training backgrounds and geographic locations of implanting surgeons in the United States. Methods: A list of physicians certified to perform HNS implantations as of March 2024, their geographic location, and fellowship training background was provided by Inspire Medical Systems along with the total number of HNS devices implanted from 2019 to 2022. General demographic information and surgeon practice type (academic versus non-academic) were recorded. Results: A total of 1345 implanting physicians were identified. A total of 210 (16%) providers were not otolaryngologists and therefore excluded. Among those included, 1058 (93%) had an MD degree, 948 (84%) were male, 248 (22%) were in academic practice, and 325 (29%) were fellowship trained. The most common subspecialty training backgrounds included head and neck surgical oncology (39%), facial plastic and reconstructive surgery (15%), and sleep surgery (12%). Wyoming (1.2) and the District of Columbia (0.88) had the highest density of HNS surgeons per 100,000 persons, while Hawaii (0.07) and New Mexico (0.09) had the lowest density. Conclusions: There is wide variability of HNS-implanting otolaryngologists in the United States. Most surgeons are general otolaryngologists in private practice. Given the increased demand for HNS implantation compared to other treatments for OSA, there may be an expanding role for sleep surgery training. Level of Evidence: N/A.
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