ArticleFrontiers in medicine2025
Gender-specific associations between serum docosahexaenoic acid levels and chronic pain prevalence: a cross-sectional study.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: This study examines the relationship between serum docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels and chronic pain prevalence, with emphasis on gender differences and smoking status interactions. Methods: Data from 1,677 adults participating in the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. Chronic pain was defined as pain persisting ≥ 3 months. Relationships between serum DHA levels and chronic pain were assessed using logistic regression and generalized additive models, adjusting for relevant covariates. Results: Among participants (median age 46 years), 17.9% reported chronic pain. In females, a non-linear L-shaped association was observed: for DHA levels < 187 μmol/L, each 10-unit increase was associated with lower chronic pain prevalence (adjusted OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.87-0.97; Conclusion: The relationship between serum DHA and chronic pain demonstrates gender-specific patterns, with a threshold effect in females and smoking-dependent associations in males. These findings suggest that the relationship between DHA and chronic pain involves complex biological interactions that vary by gender and smoking status, highlighting the need for personalized approaches in future research and interventions.
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