Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40495462›Full record

ReviewBrain and behavior2025

MCP-1 Is Elevated in the Cerebral Fluid of Children With Tourette Syndrome: Case Series and Literature Review.

Ke Zhongling, Chen Mengxin, Huang Yuxian, Chen Yanhui

Abstract readReviewCase Reports
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Brain and behavior, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ke ZhonglingDepartment of Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
Chen MengxinDepartment of Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
Huang YuxianDepartment of Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
Chen YanhuiDepartment of Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8905-3154

Funding

Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation Programme (Youth Innovation) 2023J05041Joint Funds for Science and Technology Innovation, Fujian Province 2021Y9070
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study aims to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with Tourette syndrome (TS) to identify the role of neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of TS.

methodsWe retrospectively reported cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination in four male adolescents diagnosed with severe TS, as indicated by a high Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) score. The examination included routine and biochemical tests, oligoclonal band testing, and analysis of 14 neural autoantibodies. Furthermore, the levels of 34 cytokines were also measured.

findingsCSF examinations revealed that routine and biochemical tests were normal and that no oligoclonal bands were detected. The 14 neural autoantibodies tested were negative. Among the 34 cytokines analyzed, only monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels were significantly elevated.

conclusionsThis study is the first to report elevated levels of MCP-1 in the CSF of patients with TS. Our findings suggest that MCP-1-associated neuroinflammation may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of TS, indicating that targeting MCP-1 could be a promising therapeutic approach to managing symptoms of TS.

Indexed as

Chemokine CCL2Tourette SyndromeAdolescentChildCytokinesHumansMaleNeuroinflammatory DiseasesRetrospective StudiesCCL2 protein, humanChemokine CCL2CytokinesCSFimmunologicMCP‐1neuroinflammationTourette syndrome

Identifiers

PMID40495462
PMCPMC12152258

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.