Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40495219›Full record

ArticleResearch involvement and engagement2025

Experience-based co-design of an active case finding service for colorectal cancer in community pharmacies: findings from a focused ethnography.

Naseeb Ezaydi, Daniel Hind, Atique Arif, Ian Kellar, Rachel Matthews, Dana Marbu, Claire Thomas, Matthew Kurien, DETECT-CRC Co-design group

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Research involvement and engagement, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Naseeb EzaydiSchool of Medicine and Population Health, Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. n.ezaydi@sheffield.ac.uk.
Daniel HindSenior Research Fellow (Social Care Research and Development), School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Atique ArifRotherham Doncaster and South Humber NHS Foundation Trust (RDaSH), Doncaster, UK.
Ian KellarDepartment of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Rachel MatthewsFreelance Certified Professional Co-Active Coach and National Voices Associate, Rachel Matthews Coaching and Consultancy, London, UK.
Dana MarbuSchool of Medicine and Population Health, Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Claire ThomasCommunity Pharmacy South Yorkshire, Nuneaton, UK.
Matthew KurienDivision of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
DETECT-CRC Co-design group

Funding

Yorkshire Cancer Research RA/2023/R2/108
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer deaths in the UK. Socioeconomic deprivation is associated with delayed diagnoses and poorer CRC outcomes. Community pharmacies, highly accessible in underserved areas, present an opportunity to address these health inequalities. This DETECT-CRC study aimed to develop a pharmacy-based active case-finding (ACF) service for CRC in underserved communities of Yorkshire, UK.

methodsWe used a modified Experience-Based Co-Design (EBCD) approach to develop the ACF service. Four co-design workshops were conducted over five months, bringing together pharmacists, general practitioners (GP), patients and community members. A focused ethnography was embedded within the EBCD process, consisting of interviews and observation of workshops. Field notes were analysed thematically to identify key considerations shaping the service design.

resultsThree overarching themes emerged: 1) Amplifying community pharmacy assets, emphasising accessibility and trust-building; 2) Strengthening inclusive practice, highlighting privacy, cultural considerations, health literacy, and emotional factors; and 3) Enabling service integration and quality, stressing collaboration between pharmacies and GPs, and pharmacy training needs. These insights informed the development of a comprehensive ACF service model, including multilingual patient-facing materials, a training package for pharmacy staff, and protocols for GP communication. The co-design process ensured the resulting service was grounded in community needs and perspectives.

conclusionThis study provides a co-designed model for pharmacy-based ACF of CRC in underserved areas. The model shows promise in addressing health inequalities and improving early cancer detection. It demonstrates how community pharmacies can play a pivotal role in cancer detection, contributing to the NHS Long Term Plan's ambition of diagnosing 75% of cancers at stage 1 or 2 by 2028. While further research is needed to evaluate its effectiveness, this approach holds potential for improving CRC outcomes in underserved communities and could be adapted for other health conditions and settings.

Indexed as

Cancer detectionCo-designEarly diagnosisPatient and public involvementPharmacy

Identifiers

PMID40495219
PMCPMC12150438

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.