Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40495167›Full record

ArticleMolecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)2025

Novel NIR fluorescent probe IR-546 inhibits melanoma through the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway.

Hongye Liao, Tong Xia, Ziyuan Zeng, Xun Yang, Simei Yang, Xia Xiong, Yuanmin He, Changzhen Sun, Na Hao, Li Liu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Hongye Liao *Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Tong Xia *Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Ziyuan Zeng *Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Xun YangDepartment of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Simei YangSchool of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Xia XiongDepartment of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Yuanmin HeDepartment of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Changzhen SunDrug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Na HaoDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Green Pharmaceutical Technology Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China. haona@swmu.edu.cn.
Li LiuDepartment of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China. liuli@swmu.edu.cn.

Funding

Sichuan Science and Technology Program 2022YFS0631Southwest Medical University College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project S202410632169Southwest Medical University School-level Project Fund 2021ZKMS049
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMelanoma is a highly invasive and metastatic skin cancer lacking effective options for early diagnosis and treatment. To address these challenges, this study aimed to synthesize a novel near-infrared fluorescent probe and research the antitumor mechanism of melanoma.

methodsWe have designed and synthesized a novel near-infrared fluorescent probe, IR-546. This study explores imaging capabilities, anti-tumor effects, and underlying mechanisms of IR-546 in melanoma xenograft models.

resultsIn vitro, IR-546 selectively accumulates in melanoma cells, demonstrating robust tumor imaging and potent cytotoxicity by targeting mitochondria, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), and disrupting mitochondrial membrane potential, activating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Additionally, IR-546 exhibits anti-metastatic properties in vitro. In vivo, using A375 cell line-derived melanoma xenograft models, IR-546 showed significant anti-tumor effect and biosafety. Western blot analyses of both in vivo and in vitro revealed that IR-546 induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of melanoma by activating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, suppressing the AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway, and downregulating the β-catenin signaling pathway and its downstream targets. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence further confirmed that IR-546 suppressed the expression of key proteins in the AKT/GSK3β pathway in vivo.

conclusionsCollectively, these findings highlight IR-546 as a promising tool for both imaging and treatment of melanoma, with the potential to induce apoptosis and inhibit metastasis of melanoma through modulation of the AKT/GSK3β pathway.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Agentsbeta CateninFluorescent DyesGlycogen Synthase Kinase 3 betaMelanomaProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktSignal TransductionAnimalsApoptosisCell Line, TumorFemaleHumansMiceMitochondriaReactive Oxygen SpeciesXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysAntineoplastic Agentsbeta CateninFluorescent DyesGlycogen Synthase Kinase 3 betaProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktReactive Oxygen SpeciesApoptosisCyanine dyesMalignant melanomaMitochondrial-targetedNear-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe

Identifiers

PMID40495167
PMCPMC12150457

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.