ArticleJournal of neurology2025
Retinal neuronal loss and progression independent of relapse activity in multiple sclerosis.
Article in Journal of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Retinal layers prognosticate cognitive progression independent of relapse activity in multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Retinal Layer Thickness for Risk Stratification of Progression Independent of Relapse Activity in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.Brain and behavior · 2026Observational
- Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein and Retinal Neuronal Loss as Additive Prognostic Markers of Disability in Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Article
- The potential of optical coherence tomography angiography in progressive multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Novel Animal Models for Multiple Sclerosis: R-Ras GTPases in Myelin Pathophysiology.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- PAC1 Receptor Knockout Mice Reveal Critical Links Between ER Stress, Myelin Homeostasis, and Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Use of optical coherence tomography in the care of people with multiple sclerosis in Switzerland: A national survey among neurologists.Multiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinicalArticle
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn multiple sclerosis (MS), inner retinal thinning measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) is related to lesional and gray matter changes of the brain.
objectiveTo evaluate the association between OCT markers and progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA).
methodsAnalysis within the Swiss MS Cohort Study, in patients with ≥ 1 OCT. Mean thicknesses of: peripapillary retinal nerve fiber- (pRNFL), macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform- (mGCIPL), and inner nuclear layers (mINL) were assessed, excluding asymmetric eyes. PIRA was investigated during ≥ 4 years before the OCT. The associations of retinal layers with PIRA rates were estimated in linear regression adjusted for disease duration, age at onset, sex, body mass index, treatment and annualized relapse rate. In a sensitivity analysis, we investigated the associations between retinal layers and PIRMA rates (PIRA without activity on magnetic resonance imaging).
resultsOne hundred seventy one pwMS were included (median age: 51 years(y), Expanded Disability Status Scale: 2.5, pRNFL:94 µm, mGCIPL:67.2 µm, mINL:35.4 µm, observation time:8.1y). Sixty-seven patients (39%) showed PIRA. Mean pRNFL and mGCIPL thickness decreased respectively by - 2.28 µm (95% CI [- 4.32;- 0.24], p = 0.029) and - 1.70 µm (95% CI [- 2.97;- 0.42], p = 0.010) for each PIRA event per decade, while mINL (beta = - 0.33, CI: [- 0.75;0.1] p = 0.133) did not show significant associations with PIRA. In the sensitivity analysis, all three OCT measures were associated with PIRMA (pRNFL: beta = - 3.70, 95% CI [- 6.23; - 1.17], p = 0.005; mGCIPL: beta = - 2.49, 95% CI [- 4.12; - 0.87], p = 0.003), mINL: beta = - 0.58, 95% CI [- 1.11; - 0.05], p = 0.031).
conclusionOur findings underline the role of retinal thinning measured by OCT as sensitive marker of progression in pwMS.
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