Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40493147›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of clinical oncology2025

A perspective on patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse models for identification of novel and individualized treatment for sarcoma.

Takashi Higuchi, Kentaro Igarashi, Shinji Miwa, Hiroaki Kimura, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Satoru Demura, Sei Morinaga, Yohei Asano, Norio Yamamoto, Francis J Hornicek and 2 more

Abstract readReview
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In one paragraph

Review in International journal of clinical oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Takashi HiguchiAntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA. guchi@384.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7489-1657
Kentaro IgarashiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Shinji MiwaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Hiroaki KimuraDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Katsuhiro HayashiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Satoru DemuraDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Sei MorinagaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Yohei AsanoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Norio YamamotoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Francis J HornicekDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Hiroyuki TsuchiyaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Robert M HoffmanAntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA. all@anticancer.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sarcomas, including osteosarcoma and soft tissue sarcoma, are heterogeneous and rare diseases with limited treatment options and a high metastatic potential. Despite advancements in immunotherapy and targeted therapies, many sarcoma patients have limited durable responses to these treatments. Therefore, individualized precision medicine and novel drug discovery are greatly needed. To address this unmet need, we have developed a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model of sarcomas using surgical orthotopic implantation. The PDOX models more accurately recapitulate the complex characteristics of human tumors compared to traditional subcutaneous xenografts. This enhanced fidelity is due to the preservation of the original tumor's histology and the accurate representation of the tumor microenvironment within the orthotopic implantation site. The present report summarizes our research group's experience with the sarcoma PDOX model and underscores its significant potential for identifying effective therapeutics. We have obtained numerous promising and unexpected results, including the identification of active chemotherapy drugs, novel drug combinations, and experimental therapeutics tailored to individual patients. In the current era of growing advancements in precision medicine, PDOX models offer a unique opportunity for developing individualized and innovative therapy specifically tailored to the individual needs of sarcoma patients.

Indexed as

Precision MedicineSarcomaXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalHumansMiceTumor MicroenvironmentIndividualized therapyOsteosarcomaPatient-derived orthotopic xenograftPDOXPrecision medicineSoft tissue sarcoma

Identifiers

PMID40493147

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.