ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2025
Short-term ingestion of sublethal microcystin levels disrupts stress response in male mice.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cHABs) produce various cyanotoxins, primarily microcystin leucine arginine (MC-LR). Studies demonstrated that intraperitoneal delivery of high-dose MC-LR affects the rat stress response, which is regulated by the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. In general, during stress parvocellular neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) secrete corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), triggering adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) release from the anterior pituitary, which leads to increased cortisol in humans and corticosterone in rats and mice. Here, we tested the hypothesis that short-term sublethal ingestion of MC-LR activates the peripheral and central components of the HPA axis. First, we found that young adult male mice gavaged with MC-LR (50 μg/kg bw, p.o.) every 2 days for 21 days had elevated plasma corticosterone levels when compared to H
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