Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40491425›Full record

ReviewJournal of pharmaceutical analysis2025

The biological roles of exosome-encapsulated traditional Chinese medicine monomers in neuronal disorders.

Chen Pang, Jie Zhang, Yujin Gu, Qili Zhang, Yanfang Zhao

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of pharmaceutical analysis, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Chen PangSchool of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, China.
Jie ZhangSchool of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, China.
Yujin GuSchool of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, China.
Qili ZhangSchool of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, China.
Yanfang ZhaoSchool of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monomer is a bioactive compound extracted from Chinese herbal medicines possessing determined biological activity and pharmacological effects, and has gained much attention for treating neuronal diseases. However, the application of TCM monomers is limited by their low solubility and poor ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (EVs) ranging in size from 30 to 150 nm in diameter and can be used as drug delivery carriers that directly target cells or tissues with unique advantages, including low toxicity, low immunogenicity, high stability in blood, and the ability to cross the BBB. This review discusses the biogenesis, components, stability, surface modification, isolation technology, advantages, and disadvantages of exosomes as drug carriers and compares exosomes and other similar drug delivery systems. Furthermore, exosome-encapsulated TCM monomers exert neuroprotective roles, such as anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, anti-mitophagy, and anti-oxidation, in various neuronal diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (CI/R) injury, as well as anti-drug resistance, anti-tumorigenesis, anti-angiogenesis, and promotion of apoptosis in brain tumors, providing more inspiration to promote the development of an exosome-based delivery tool in targeted therapy for neuronal diseases.

Indexed as

Drug deliveryExosomeNeuronal diseaseTraditional Chinese medicine monomer

Identifiers

PMID40491425
PMCPMC12146543

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.