ArticleJournal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation2026
Cross-cultural adaptation of the lower extremity functional scale in kannada and assessment of its measurement properties - a longitudinal study.
Article in Journal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BackgroundLower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) is a useful tool for evaluating lower extremity (LE) disability, but it has not been adapted for use with Kannada or other regional languages in India.ObjectiveThis study aimed to perform cross-cultural adaptation and Kannada translation of the LEFS (LEFS-K) and examine its psychometric properties.MethodsA Longitudinal study on 150 patients with hip and knee injuries. Numeric Rating Scales for Pain (NRS-P) and disability (NRS-D), and Sit-to-stand (5STS) was administered at the initial visit. LEFS-K and NRS again 2 days later and at discharge. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha (CA) assessed test-retest reliability and internal consistency. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) examined concurrent relations. Effects size was calculated for responsiveness. Clinically important (MCID) and statistically true (MDC) were assessed for the LEFS-K.ResultsLEFS-K demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.98) and internal consistency (CA = 0.88). Low to moderate correlations (r < 0.70) were observed between the LEFS-K and other measures (NRS-P, NRS-D, and 5STS). The LEFS-K was deemed responsive to assess change for LE disability (ES = 0.84).ConclusionThe Kannada LEFS is proved to be a reliable, valid and responsive tool for evaluating LE MSK disability in Kannada speaking individuals with hip and knee disorders.
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