ArticleBMC rheumatology2025
Evaluation of salivary total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Article in BMC rheumatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Oxidative Stress and NRF2-Mediated Redox Regulation in Incomplete Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Salivary Redox Biomarkers as a Non-Invasive Research Framework for Exploring Redox-Related Cardiac Electrical Vulnerability in Sudden Unexplained Cardiac Death: A Mechanistic and Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundOxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Assessing total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) in saliva offers a non-invasive method to evaluate oxidative stress and its relationship with disease severity. This study aimed to measure salivary TAC and TOS levels in RA and SLE patients and compare them with healthy controls.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 90 participants: 30 RA patients, 30 SLE patients, and 30 healthy controls. Saliva samples were collected and analyzed using specialized TAC and TOS assay kits. Disease severity was evaluated using the Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS-28) for RA and the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI-2 K) for SLE. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, post-hoc tests, and Pearson correlation coefficients.
resultsResults showed that RA and SLE patients had significantly higher oxidative stress compared to healthy controls, with lower TAC levels (RA: 298.88 ± 31.21 µM, SLE: 287.98 ± 38.07 µM, Control: 461.22 ± 158.22 µM, P < 0.001) and higher TOS levels (RA: 5.81 ± 1.28 µM, SLE: 5.80 ± 1.36 µM, Control: 3.49 ± 1.56 µM, P < 0.001). The TOS/TAC ratio was also significantly elevated in RA (1.95 ± 0.44) and SLE (2.05 ± 0.64) patients compared to controls (0.84 ± 0.44, P < 0.001). A positive correlation was observed between TOS levels and age (R = 0.256, P = 0.016), while no significant gender-based differences were detected.
conclusionsRA and SLE patients exhibit significant oxidative imbalance, as indicated by altered salivary TAC and TOS levels. These findings highlight the potential role of oxidative stress in these autoimmune diseases.
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