ReviewMedicine2025
Penpulimab in an adolescent patient with pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma with liver metastasis: A case report and literature review.
Review in Medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Immunosuppressive Environment of Pancreatic NENs-A Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationalePancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (PNEC) is a rare, aggressive malignancy with limited therapeutic options and a dismal prognosis, particularly in young patients. Approximately 85% of PNEC cases eventually progress to metastatic cancer. Despite advances in oncology, optimal management strategies for metastatic PNEC remain undefined, especially in chemotherapy-ineligible cases. PATIENT CONCERNS: An 18-year-old male patient, reporting anorexia with associated weight loss (15 kg weight loss over 3 months) and significant abdominal distension. DIAGNOSES: The results of whole abdominal computed tomography, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and laboratory examination were consistent with pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma with liver metastasis.
interventionsDue to the family refusal of chemotherapy, and immunohistochemistry revealed programmed death-1 ligand positivity. The patient received penpulimab (anti-programmed death-1) combined with anlotinib capsules and then changed to penpulimab combined with sorafenib capsules after progression. OUTCOMES: Initial therapy achieved 13 months of progression-free survival, demonstrating durable disease control. Subsequent progression highlighted challenges of acquired resistance, with no severe treatment-related toxicity. The patient was still alive at the time of follow-up in July 2024. LESSONS: Pancreatic neuroendocrine cancer is rare. There are various treatment options available. However, the best treatment plan still needs further exploration. This case underscores that programmed death-1 ligand + PNEC may respond to immunotherapy/antiangiogenic combinations, offering alternatives for chemotherapy-ineligible patients. In addition, young patients with aggressive PNEC represent an understudied population, necessitating tailored strategies.
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Registered trials
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