Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40488916›Full record

ArticleFish physiology and biochemistry2025

Rainbow trout welfare: comparing stunning methods in winter and summer.

Roberto González-Garoz, Almudena Cabezas, Montserrat Fernández-Muela, Andrea Martínez Villalba, Elisabeth González de Chávarri, Morris Villarroel, Álvaro De la Llave-Propín, Jesús De la Fuente, Rubén Bermejo-Poza, María Teresa Díaz

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Fish physiology and biochemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Roberto González-GarozAnimal Production Department, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Avenida Puerta de Hierro S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain. robgon02@ucm.es.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-5239-5143
Almudena CabezasAnimal Production Department, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Avenida Puerta de Hierro S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
Montserrat Fernández-MuelaAnimal Production Department, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Avenida Puerta de Hierro S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
Andrea Martínez VillalbaAnimal Production Department, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Avenida Puerta de Hierro S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
Elisabeth González de ChávarriAnimal Production Department, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Avenida Puerta de Hierro S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
Morris VillarroelDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Engineering, Technical University of Madrid (UPM), Avenida Puerta de Hierro 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
Álvaro De la Llave-PropínDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Engineering, Technical University of Madrid (UPM), Avenida Puerta de Hierro 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
Jesús De la FuenteAnimal Production Department, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Avenida Puerta de Hierro S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
Rubén Bermejo-PozaAnimal Production Department, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Avenida Puerta de Hierro S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
María Teresa DíazAnimal Production Department, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Avenida Puerta de Hierro S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.

Funding

Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación PNAC/21
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of three stunning methods: thermal shock (TS), electric shock at 200 mA 2 s (ES2), and electric shock at 400 mA 0.5 s followed by 200 mA 1.5 s (ES4) - both electric shock treatments followed by thermal shock - on the stress response and energy metabolism of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during winter and summer. A significant interaction between stunning method and season was observed for blood cortisol levels. In summer, cortisol concentrations were elevated regardless of the stunning method, whereas in winter, the ES4 method resulted in the lowest cortisol levels. Seasonal variation significantly influenced stress response in trout, with summer conditions leading to higher cortisol levels, darker skin pigmentation, and reduced liver glycogen and lipid reserves. Increased metabolic activity during summer was associated with enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which triggered the upregulation of key antioxidant enzymes (sod, gpx, cat, gst). The results suggest that the choice of stunning method is critical in mitigating stress, with electrical stunning combined with thermal shock being more effective than thermal shock alone, particularly under elevated temperatures. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing stunning practices to improve fish welfare, especially in the context of climate change. Understanding the interplay between seasonal and procedural stressors provides valuable insights for improving aquaculture management and sustainability.

Indexed as

Animal WelfareElectroshockOncorhynchus mykissAnimalsHydrocortisoneReactive Oxygen SpeciesSeasonsStress, PhysiologicalHydrocortisoneReactive Oxygen SpeciesElectric shockRainbow troutSeasonalityStress responseThermal shock

Identifiers

PMID40488916
PMCPMC12149003

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.