ArticleInternational journal of women's health2025
Causal Effects of Smoking, Alcohol, Coffee, and Tea Intake on Gynecologic Cancers: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
Article in International journal of women's health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: The two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was used to evaluate the causal association between modifiable lifestyle and gynecological tumors. Methods: Based on publicly accessible summary level genome-wide association study (GWAS), the exposures were age of smoking initiation, cigarettes per day, smoking cessation, smoking initiation, alcohol intake, tea intake, coffee intake, and the outcomes were cervical, ovarian and endometrial cancer. IVW, MR-Egger, WM, Weighted Mode and Simple Mode method were used to evaluate the causal relationship, and sensitivity analysis, heterogeneity analysis and heterogeneity analysis were performed. Results: Smoking initiation (OR: 1.186, 95% CI: 1.009-1.394, P= 0.040) and alcohol intake (OR: 1.235, 95% CI: 1.063-1.436, P= 0.010) increased the risk of ovarian cancer, smoking cessation (OR: 0.636, 95% CI: 0.441-0.917, P= 0.020) was a protective factor for endometrial cancer, while alcohol intake (OR: 1.262, 95% CI: 1.051-1.517, P= 0.010) was a risk factor for endometrial cancer. Cigarettes per day (OR: 1.004, 95% CI: 1.001-1.007, P= 0.000) and smoking initiation (OR: 1.003, 95% CI: 1.001-1.005, P= 0.000) both increase the risk of cervical cancer. The sensitivity analysis of each group showed robust results, no pleiotropy was found, and there were no abnormal variables in the heterogeneity test. Conclusion: Smoking and alcohol intake are causally linked to gynecological tumors, whereas the tea and coffee intake do not exhibit a causal association with gynecological tumors.
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