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ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2025

Therapeutic potential of a rhein-loaded self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system in ameliorating LPS-induced depression: mechanistic insights and behavioral outcomes.

Sachin More, Md Abdur Rashid, Prashant Kumar Tiwari, Rohini Kharwade, Yahya Alhamhoom, Turky Omar Asar, Mohammed Kaleem, Nilesh Mahajan, Ajay Pise, Kishor Danao and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Sachin MoreDepartment of Pharmacology, Dadasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Md Abdur RashidDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Prashant Kumar TiwariDepartment of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Bio-Science and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar pradesh, India.
Rohini KharwadeDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Dadasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Yahya AlhamhoomDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Turky Omar AsarDepartment of Biology, College of Science and Arts at Alkamil, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed KaleemDepartment of Pharmacology, Dadasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Nilesh MahajanDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Dadasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Ajay PiseDepartment of Regulatory Affairs Dadasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Kishor DanaoDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Dadasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Sanjay KumarDepartment of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Bio-Science and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar pradesh, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Depression is a multifaceted disorder caused by neuroinflammation, which is mainly demarcated by a significant increase in proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Conventional treatments for depression typically focus on neurotransmitter theories and may lead to several undesirable side effects. Therefore, it is essential to identify innovative active compounds of herbal origin that can target proinflammatory cytokines to reduce neuroinflammation while minimizing side effects. Rhein has demonstrated considerable therapeutic efficacy in various neurological conditions; however, its mechanistic insights regarding antidepressant effects remain unclear. An

Indexed as

cytokinesdepressionlipopolysaccharidesneuroinflammationrheinself-nano-emulsified drug delivery system

Identifiers

PMID40487411
PMCPMC12141309

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.