ReviewToxicology reports2025
Micro- and nanoplastic toxicity in humans: Exposure pathways, cellular effects, and mitigation strategies.
Review in Toxicology reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic literature review and meta-analysis on the reproductive effects of micro- pollutants in humans and animals.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Environmental Contaminants and Osteoporosis-Related Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Toxics · 2026Review
- Screening for Suspected Microplastic-like Particles in Post-Mortem Human Liver: Correlating Histopathological Alterations with Clinical Profiles.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Real-life nanoplastics induce endothelial dysfunction in primary human endothelial cells.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Inhaled Micro- and Nanoplastics as Environmental Modifiers of Lung Carcinogenesis: Mechanistic Insights and Evidence Synthesis.Journal of xenobiotics · 2026Review
- Optical, Chemical, and Biological Detection Methods of Microplastics and Nanoplastics.ACS measurement science au · 2026Review
- Micro-nanoplastics in Cardiovascular Disease: A Critical Update from Environmental Exposure to Clinical Implications.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Review
- Nano- and Microplastics in the Cardiovascular System: Current Insights and Biological Implications.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Nanoplastics and Neurodegeneration: A Roadmap From Mechanism to Causation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Micro- and Nanoplastics in the Human Brain: Mechanistic Plausibility, Translational Challenges, and Links to Neurological Disease Trends.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Micro- and Nanoplastics as Disruptors of Digestive and Hepatopancreatic Homeostasis: Insights into the Plastic-Gut-Liver Axis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Small particles, large questions: unravelling the toxicity and potential health risks of PET micro-/nanoplastics.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2026Review
- Harmful Effects of Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Human Body Systems: A Systematic Review.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Environmental Exposures and Oxidative Stress in Retinal and Optic Nerve Diseases: Mechanisms, Consequences, and Therapeutic Opportunities.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Micro- and nanoplastics as environmental modifiers of neuroimmune dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Exposure-relevant microplastic characteristics in drinking water and estuarine environments: environmental parameters for musculoskeletal experimental research.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Review
- Microplastics Classifications, Toxicity, and Visual Detection Methods Based on Fluorescent Materials.Journal of fluorescence · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) are emerging environmental contaminants with increasing scientific evidence suggesting their potential risks to human health. The present review systematically explores the pathways through which these particles enter the human body, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of their toxicity, and current strategies to mitigate their effects. A structured literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, focusing on studies published between 2019 and 2024 across major scientific databases. MNPs primarily enter the human system via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure. Once internalized, they can accumulate in various organs and trigger oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and genotoxic effects. These toxic responses have been linked to chronic conditions such as metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes, obesity), immune dysfunction, and neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, this review highlights emerging attenuation strategies, including advanced filtration technologies, bioremediation approaches, and bioactive compounds such as melatonin, astaxanthin, and probiotics. By identifying exposure pathways, toxic effects, and current research gaps, this review provides a comprehensive foundation for developing effective interventions to reduce MNP-related health risks and inform future toxicological studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.