ReviewCureus2025
Role of Centromeric and Telomeric Haplotypes of Killer-Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptors (KIRs) in Disease Susceptibility: A Research Review.
Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- The dual roles of natural killer cells in liver immunity and tolerance: Implications for health and disease.Hepatology communications · 2026Review
- The Dual Role of Natural Killer Cells in the Septic Liver.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The immune regulatory functions of killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) become important through their ability to control natural killer (NK) cell function by interacting with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules. Increasing scientific evidence indicates KIR haplotypes exist in two sets, namely, centromeric (Cen) and telomeric (Tel), which deliver unique effects to immune response function. Unlike traditional A/B KIR haplotype classification, this review emphasizes Cen and Tel subdivisions to provide a more nuanced understanding of gene linkage, functional diversity, and their relevance to autoimmune diseases, infections, transplantation outcomes, and pregnancy complications. It focuses on the coexpression of specific KIR genes driven by linkage disequilibrium, deliberately excluding studies limited to individual KIR alleles or classical haplotypes. Certain KIR configurations demonstrate significant influence on diseases through disease risk and also impact immune tolerance processes as well as resulting clinical outcomes. Our investigation through the literature revealed the relationship between Cen and Tel KIR haplotypes and rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), syphilis, and both hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Researchers documented how Cen and Tel KIRs operate as either activating or inhibitory receptors in their study. However, few researches have studied the effect of Cen-Tel KIR haplotypes on the occurrence of diseases. There is a pressing need for research to focus on comprehensive KIR haplotyping analysis, as it holds the potential to enhance transplantation risk prediction, advance understanding in reproductive biology, uncover the pathogenesis of certain infectious diseases, and shed light on autoimmune-related disorders. Ultimately, the insights gained from Cen-Tel KIR haplotype analysis may serve as a foundation for developing targeted immunotherapeutics and personalized treatment strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.