Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40486059›Full record

ArticleFood chemistry: X2025

Investigation of the structural, functional, and digestive properties of beta-casein from cow, goat, and donkey milk.

Guiqin Liu, Ning Wang, Xue Chen, Yaqian Jin, Junnan Wan, Yanhao Zhao, Yiting Zhao, Cunfang Wang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Food chemistry: X, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Guiqin LiuCollege of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of BlackDonkey, Shandong Donkey Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Liaocheng, China.
Ning WangCollege of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of BlackDonkey, Shandong Donkey Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Liaocheng, China.
Xue ChenCollege of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of BlackDonkey, Shandong Donkey Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Liaocheng, China.
Yaqian JinCollege of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of BlackDonkey, Shandong Donkey Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Liaocheng, China.
Junnan WanCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
Yanhao ZhaoCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
Yiting ZhaoCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
Cunfang WangCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the genotypes, structures, physicochemical properties, in vitro antioxidants, and digestive properties of isolated goat, donkey, and cow β-casein (β-CN). The β-CN genotypes of goats and donkeys are not cow type A1 β-CN, avoiding the unfavorable effects on intestinal digestion of BCM-7, a peptide fragment produced by the digestion of cow type A1 β-CN from bovine milk. Goat and donkey β-CN exhibited a smaller particle size, a more stable solution system, a looser secondary structure, and better solubility than cow β-CN. The microstructural findings from simulations of in vitro digestion in infants revealed that goat β-CN exhibited superior digestibility, characterized by reduced flocculation and a more loosely organized protein structure during the gastric digestion phase. Furthermore, the degree of hydrolysis indicated that both goat and donkey β-CN were significantly more readily digested compared to cow β-CN. Moreover, donkey β-CN gastrointestinal digests possessed significant anti-free radical activity.

Indexed as

AntioxidantBeta-caseinDifferent milk sourcesDigestive propertiesPhysical–chemical properties

Identifiers

PMID40486059
PMCPMC12145689

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.