ArticleMedical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran2025
Examination of High-Level Language Skills in 2 Phases of Multiple Sclerosis (Relapsing-Remitting & Secondary Progressive) in Comparison With Healthy Counterparts.
Article in Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Phonological networks remain intact in multiple sclerosis.Neuropsychology · 2026Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Language skills compromised after neurological damage, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), significantly impacting patients' quality of life. MS impairs high-level language functioning. Despite existing research, no studies have examined high-level language functions during different phases of the disease. This is crucial for a better understanding of the linguistic profiles of affected patients. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study included 25 patients with RRMS, 27 patients with SPMS, and 30 healthy individuals (age range, 22-57 years). They were selected based on convenience sampling. All participants were sampled using the Persian version of the high-level language skills assessment test. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the performance of the 3 groups, and the Bonferroni test was employed to make pairwise comparisons between groups. Results: The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences in the total score and all subtest scores (P ≤ 0.05), except for the ambiguous sentence comprehension subtest (P ≥ 0.05). The Bonferroni test revealed a significant difference in the total score and all subtest scores (P ≤ 0.05) between healthy individuals and those with SPMS & RRMS, except for the ambiguous sentence comprehension subtest (P ≤ 0.05). Also, no significant differences were found in the total score and all subtest scores between the SPMS and RRMS patients (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the high-level language functions were weaker in MS patients compared to healthy individuals. However, no significant difference was found between the RRMS and SPMS patients.
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