ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2025
Breakfast skipping and depressive symptoms in an epidemiological youth sample in Hong Kong: the mediating role of reduced attentional control.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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- The Metabolic Mind: Revisiting Glucose Metabolism and Justice Involvement in Neurolaw.NeuroSci · 2025Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Breakfast skipping is common among young people, although previous work has suggested its negative influences on cognitive and executive functions and mental health outcomes. Whether reduced impulse control, particularly in the cognitive domain, would be a mechanism that links breakfast skipping to elevated psychiatric symptoms remains to be investigated. Methods: We used data from 3154 young people (aged 15-25 years) in the Hong Kong Youth Epidemiological Study of Mental Health 2019-2022. Participants were asked about their general breakfast consumption habits, impulsivity (overall and its subdomains, using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11), depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7), and functioning (reduced and lost productivity due to mental health problems, and the observer-rated Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale). Impulsivity and its subdomains were tested for their potential mediating influences between breakfast skipping frequency and symptom outcomes. Sociodemographic variables, psychiatric history, and eating disorder symptoms were adjusted for in all mediation models. Results: The weighted prevalence of daily breakfast consumption and breakfast skipping (defined as no breakfast consumption at all) was 33% and 14.2%, respectively. More frequent breakfast skipping was associated with higher levels of impulsivity, specifically in terms of attentional control ( Conclusion: Breakfast skipping is associated with elevated depressive symptoms in young people, with impaired attentional control being an important mechanism in this relationship. Encouraging young people to build regular breakfast habits may be incorporated as part of future lifestyle interventions for mental disorders and be further emphasised in public health policies.
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